Seminar Papers
By scanning people’s brain when they make decisions, scientist discovered that stress or emotion involved in in brain can cause thinking pattern change. In calm state, frontal lobes of our brains guide slow, rational thinking; “cold cognition”. On the other hand, people get stress or anger, even love, impulsive “hot cognition” decisions are made by the emotionally-driven limbic system and amygdala, which hijacks information before it’s processed the more logical frontal lobes.
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http://blogs.wsj.com/experts/2015/03/23/the-neuroscience-behind-hot-headed-emails/
There are two theories of consciousness: focal and global. Focal theories argue that there are specific areas of the brain for generating consciousness. However global theories contend that there are large-scale brain changes in activity. To adjudicate between those theories, the research used graph theory analysis.
In this research, researchers recruited 24 members of the university community for a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment. They checked the participant’s respond of the trials and their confidence of the answer. The trials was treated as “aware” and “unaware”.
From the research, ’no one area or network of areas of the brain stood out as particularly more connected during awareness of the target; the whole brain appeared to become functionally more connected following reports of awareness'.
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We can use brain scans to many ways. It could be used for neuromarketing, checking the location of the brain function, and so on. In this article, they are focused on the neuromarketing. For an example, they talked about the beverage Coca-Cola and Pepsi. There are no explanation about how the advertising campaigns changes the perception of the drink of people. However, we can find that the brain region of memory and the hippocampus activate in case of the Coca-Cola, when the subjects know what they were drinking.
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Nina Kraus at Northwestern university and her colleagues showed connection between music and education in her research. She said it is because of overlap between neural circuits dedicated to speech and music, and the distributed network of cognitive, sersorimotor, and reward circuits engaged during music making.
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Neuroplasticity, in the article, is the brain to change its structure and how it works in response to mental activity and experience. The article shows the research about the neuroplasticity, that brain can overcome the pain and untreatable illnesses. One of the instance is the patients, who suffered from chronic pain. The patient treated some visualization exercises for brain overpower, and the pain disappeared.
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There are a limitations of the small sample size. Also identifying treatment effect from the single area in the brain can be excessively small.
However researchers found that functional MRI (fMRI) detected responses of naproxen sodium from patients with hand osteoarthritis.
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A recent research, published earlier this month in the Journal of neuroscience started to determine people with high and low dream lucidity were different in their metacognitive ability, that is, the ability to reflect on, and report, one’s mental states.
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http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/illusion-chasers/2015/01/31/lucid-dreams/
Researchers at Princeton start to make a tool that can show what people’s brains are doing in real time, and signal the moments when people’s minds begin to wander.
This is expected to change the way thinking about paying attention and even present new ways of treating illnesses.
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http://www.nextgov.com/health/2015/02/new-brain-decoder-could-boost-neuroscience-research/105003/
Is it possible to diagnose autism by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
The professor Marcel Just and his team performed fMRI scans with two groups of subjects. One group is composed of young adults with autism and the other is general public. The test was response of different social interactions. Researchers used machine-learning techniques, and they found the difference between the two groups.
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Researchers have used the brain imaging tool to look inside the brain and predict the human’s future behavior. For example, the likelihood of committing crime, success.
In this news, it was written how and which field the neuroimaging tool was applied for. Almost brain imaging tools are functional magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography.
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